Question 5.
Solution
(a) (i) (a) Pest
A Pest is any destructive insect, animal or plant that attacks crops, food, livestock and even human beings and has a harmful effect on them.
(B) Pathogen
A pathogen is a micro organism that causes diseases to farm animals or causes ill-health in animals.
(Y) Zoonotic disease
A disease which can be transmitted from animals to humans, and vice versa
(ii)Examples
Pests
Ticks
Mites
Flea
Lice
Rats
Soldier ants,
Tsetseflies
Mice
Pathogens
bacteria
Viruses
fungi
protozoa
Zoonotic disease
Anthrax
Tuberculosis.
A vian influenza/Bird flu
Ebola
Samonella
Rabies
Brucesllosis
Swine flu
Mad cow disease
Heptatis
Samonella
(b) Foot and mouth disease is discussed below
(i) casual Agent
(ii) Symptoms
(iii) Control
Loss of weight (emaciation)
Regular vaccination
Drop in milk yield in cattle
Restrict movement of animals
Lameness
Cull affected animals to control
spread
Loss of appetite/difficulty in feeding
Quarantine animal for close
examination.before adding them to
the flock
High fever
Treat the blisters with.the ,
recommended chemical
Blister in the mouth, on the feet, and on the teat
Clean and disinfect affected area and equipment
Excessive salivation
Possible abortion in pregnant animals
Control rodents and other vectors
Coma
Infected carcasses and products should be disposed properly
(iv) Two animals that could be infected with foot and mouth disease
Cattle
Goat
Sheep
(c)Factors that could increase parasite population
Poor hygiene condition such as use of contaminated water and fed troughs, causing parasites to multiply to cause harm to farm animals.
.Supplying feed which is contaminated with worms. The worms multiply if conditions are favourable to cause damage to their hosts.
Continuous grazing on the same pasture for long time leads to high build up of ticks, worms, etc. the eggs of the parasite hatch with time and multiply to cause havoc to the host.